General packet radio service (GPRS) is a packet oriented mobile data service on the 2G and 3G cellular communication system's global system. It is used for mobile communications (GSM). In response to the earlier CDPD and i-mode packet-switched cellular technologies, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) standardized GPRS. It is now maintained by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). GPRS extends the GSM Packet circuit switched data capabilities making possible SMS messaging and broadcasting, internet access, Multimedia messaging service (MMS), Push to talk over cellular (PoC), Instant messaging and presence—wireless village, Internet applications for smart devices through wireless application protocol (WAP), Point-to-point (P2P) service: inter-networking with the Internet (IP) and Point-to-Multipoint (P2M) service: point-to-multipoint multicast and point-to-multipoint group calls.
GPRS supports Internet protocol IP, Point-to-point protocol (PPP) and X.25 connections. When TCP/IP is used, each phone can have one or more IP addresses allocated. GPRS will store and forward the IP packets to the phone even during handover. The TCP handles any packet loss (e.g. due to a radio noise induced pause).
The maximum speed of a GPRS connection offered in 2003 was similar to a modem connection in an analog wire telephone network, about 32–40 kbit/s, depending on the phone used. GPRS runs at speeds up to 115 kbit/s, compared with current GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) systems' 9.6 kbit/s.
The GPRS core network is the central part of the general packet radio service (GPRS) which allows 2G, 3G and WCDMA mobile networks to transmit IP packets to external networks such as the Internet.
| Technology | Download (kbit/s) | Upload (kbit/s) | TDMA Timeslots allocated (DL+UL) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSD | 9.6 | 9.6 | 1+1 | |||
| HSCSD | 28.8 | 14.4 | 2+1 |
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| HSCSD | 43.2 | 14.4 | 3+1 |
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| GPRS | 80.0 | 20.0 (Class 8 & 10 and CS-4) | 4+1 |
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| GPRS | 60.0 | 40.0 (Class 10 and CS-4) | 3+2 |
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| EGPRS (EDGE) | 236.8 | 59.2 (Class 8, 10 and MCS-9) | 4+1 |
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| EGPRS (EDGE) | 177.6 | 118.4 (Class 10 and MCS-9) | 3+2 |
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