Logic Gates
Logic gates are the basis of digital electronics. A logic gate is an idealized or physical device which performs a logical operation on one or more logic inputs and produces a single logic output. A logic gate is an electronic circuit which makes logical decisions. An ideal logic gate is the one that has zero rise time and unlimited fan-out. Diodes or transistors acting as electronic switches,implement logic gates. Electromagnetic relays, fluidic logic, pneumatic logic, optics, molecules and mechanical elements can also be used to implement logic gates. Logic circuits include multiplexers, registers, arithmetic logic units and computer memory. Microprocessors contain more than 100 million logic gates. Gates are made from field-effect transistors. Compound logic gates AND-OR-Invert (AOI) and OR-AND-Invert (OAI) are constructed from MOSFETs (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors) and hence they are simpler and efficient. Transistors or relays, vacuum tubes are used...